Agency and Cognitive Development
Michael Tomasello
แแแ . 2025 ยท Tantor Media Inc ยท แแแฎแ แแแแแ: Chris Sorensen
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Children of different ages live in different worlds. This is partly due to learning: as children learn more and more about the world they experience it in different ways. But learning cannot be the whole story or else children could learn anything at any ageโwhich they cannot.
Michael Tomasello argues that children of different ages live and learn in different worlds because their capacities to cognitively represent and operate on their experience change in significant ways over the first years of life. These capacities change because they are elements in a maturing cognitive architecture evolved for agentive decision making and action, including in shared agencies in which individuals must mentally coordinate with others. The developmental proposal is that from birth infants are goal-directed agents who cognitively represent and learn about actualities; at 9-12 months toddlers become intentional (and joint) agents who also imaginatively and perspectively represent and learn about possibilities; and at 3-4 years children become metacognitive (and collective) agents who also metacognitively represent and learn about objective/normative necessities. These developing agentive architecturesโoriginally evolved in humans' evolutionary ancestors for particular types of decision making and actionโhelp to explain why children learn what they do when they do.
Michael Tomasello argues that children of different ages live and learn in different worlds because their capacities to cognitively represent and operate on their experience change in significant ways over the first years of life. These capacities change because they are elements in a maturing cognitive architecture evolved for agentive decision making and action, including in shared agencies in which individuals must mentally coordinate with others. The developmental proposal is that from birth infants are goal-directed agents who cognitively represent and learn about actualities; at 9-12 months toddlers become intentional (and joint) agents who also imaginatively and perspectively represent and learn about possibilities; and at 3-4 years children become metacognitive (and collective) agents who also metacognitively represent and learn about objective/normative necessities. These developing agentive architecturesโoriginally evolved in humans' evolutionary ancestors for particular types of decision making and actionโhelp to explain why children learn what they do when they do.
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แแแแแแกแขแแแแ แแ Google Play Books แแแ Android แแ iPad/iPhone แแแฌแงแแแแแแแแแแกแแแแก. แแก แแแขแแแแขแฃแ แแ แแแแแฎแแ แชแแแแแแก แกแแแฅแ แแแแแแชแแแก แแฅแแแแก แแแแแ แแจแแแ แแ แกแแจแฃแแแแแแก แแแแชแแแ, แฌแแแแแแฎแแ แกแแกแฃแ แแแแ แแแแขแแแขแ แแแแแกแแแแ แแแแแแแก, แ แแแแ แช แแแแแแ, แแกแ แฎแแแแแ แแจแ แ แแแแแจแ.
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