The Language Gap: Normalizing Deficit Ideologies

David Cassels Johnson is Associate Professor of Multilingual Education at the University of Iowa and Visiting Professor of Applied Linguistics at Shanghai International Studies University. He holds a PhD (with distinction) in Educational Linguistics from the University of Pennsylvania. He is the author of Language Policy (2013) and co-editor of Research Methods in Language Policy and Planning: A Practical Guide (2015, with Francis M. Hult).

Eric J. Johnson is Professor of Bilingual Education at Washington State University. He received his PhD in Sociocultural Anthropology from Arizona State University. His research focuses on ethnographic approaches to immigrant education programs and language policies in public schools. His publications span topics involving bilingual education, immigration, and family engagement.