Steady State and Time Dependent Compressed Air Energy Storage Model Validated with Huntorf Operational Data and Investigation of Hydrogen Options for a Sustainable Energy Supply

In this thesis, the calculation methods for the thermodynamics of the CAES process are presented and validated by measured data from the operations of the CAES power plant Huntorf. Both the steady state and the dynamic (time-dependent) analyses of the process take place. The characteristic value efficiency is discussed in detail, since numerous different interpretations for CAES exist in the literature. A new calculation method for the electric energy storage efficiency is presented, and a method for the calculation of an economically equivalent electricity storage efficiency is developed. Consideration is given to the transformation of the CAES process into a hydrogen-driven and, thus, greenhouse gas-free process. Finally, a model CAES system is tested in a 100 % renewable model environment.

Consequently, it can be stated that in the steady-state thermodynamic calculation in particular, the consideration of realistic isentropic efficiencies of compressors and turbines is essential to correctly estimate the characteristic values of the process. Furthermore, a steadystate view should always be accompanied by dynamic considerations, since some process characteristics are always time-dependent. The simulation shows that by mapping transient operating conditions, the overall efficiency of the system must be corrected downwards. Nevertheless, in the model environment of a 100 % renewable energy system, it has been shown that a CAES is a useful addition that can provide long-term energy storage.