Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) was the founding father of psychoanalysis and one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century. Born in the Austrian Empire, Freud revolutionized our understanding of the human psyche. His pioneering works, including The Interpretation of Dreams and The Ego and the Id, explored the unconscious, repression, and human sexuality. With The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, he made the hidden mind relatable, offering profound insight into daily behavior. Freud’s legacy continues to shape modern psychology, philosophy, art, and culture.