Syphilis

The book introduces syphilis as a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum. It explains how the bacterium enters the body through lesions on the skin or mucous membranes and how transmission occurs during vaginal, oral, or anal sex, as well as from mother to child during pregnancy or childbirth.

Different stages are outlined, including primary syphilis with chancres, secondary syphilis with rash and systemic symptoms, and tertiary syphilis that can affect the nervous system and cardiovascular system. Latent phases, both early and late, are also described.

The book highlights congenital syphilis and its effects, such as saddle nose, saber shins, Hutchinson teeth, and stillbirth. It also covers complications like neurosyphilis, cardiovascular syphilis, optic neuritis, endarteritis, and aortic aneurysm.

Diagnostic methods such as nontreponemal and treponemal tests are explained, together with the use of antibiotics as treatment. Penicillin is discussed as the primary drug, along with the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction that may occur after treatment.

A useful reference for students, healthcare workers, and general audiences interested in syphilis, its symptoms, and its management.