Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown

The partisans of Bacon aver (or one of them avers) that ÒLord Penzance, Lord Beaconsfield, Lord Palmerston, Judge Webb, Judge Holmes (of Kentucky, U.S.), Prince Bismarck, John Bright, and innumerable most thoughtful scholars eminent in many walks of life, and especially in the legal profession . . . Ó have been Baconians, or, at least, opposed to Will ShakspereÕs authorship. To these names of scholars I must add that of my late friend, Samuel Clemens, D.Litt. of Oxford; better known to many as Mark Twain. Dr. Clemens was, indeed, no mean literary critic; witness his epoch-making study of Prof. DowdenÕs Life of Shelley, while his researches into the biography of Jeanne dÕArc were most conscientious.

With the deepest respect for the political wisdom and literary taste of Lord Palmerston, Prince Bismarck, Lord Beaconsfield, and the late Mr. John Bright; and with every desire to humble myself before the judicial verdicts of Judges Holmes, Webb, and Lord Penzance; with sincere admiration of my late friend, Dr. Clemens, I cannot regard them as, in the first place and professionally, trained students of literary history.

They were no more specially trained students of Elizabethan literature than myself; they were amateurs in this province, as I am an amateur, who differ from all of them in opinion. Difference of opinion concerning points of literary history ought not to make Òour angry passions rise.Ó Yet this controversy has been extremely bitter.

I abstain from quoting the Òsweetmeats,Ó in Captain MacTurkÕs phrase, which have been exchanged by the combatants. Charges of ignorance and monomania have been answered by charges of forgery, lying, Òscandalous literary dishonesty,Ó and even inaccuracy. Now no mortal is infallibly accurate, but we are all sane and Òindifferent honest.Ó There have been forgeries in matters Shakespearean, alas, but not in connection with the Baconian controversy.