The seeds of Saigon's fall had been planted two years earlier with the signing of the Paris Peace Accords on January 27, 1973. The agreement that was supposed to bring "peace with honor" to Vietnam had instead created conditions that made Communist victory virtually inevitable. While American forces withdrew and prisoners of war returned home, North Vietnamese troops remained in South Vietnam in violation of the agreement, using the ceasefire period to rebuild their forces and prepare for the final offensive that everyone knew would come. The accords had been designed to provide a decent interval between American withdrawal and South Vietnamese collapse, but that interval was rapidly drawing to a close.