This publication outlines the World Health Organization's strategies for controlling malaria transmission through indoor residual surface treatments (IRST) in areas with mosquito populations. It emphasizes the need for innovation in vector control to address insecticide resistance in anopheline mosquitoes. The document details the development and implementation of Preferred Product Characteristics (PPCs) to stimulate the creation of new, effective health products. Key topics include the evolution of vector control methodologies, the significance of fast-acting and slow-acting insecticides, and the importance of addressing public health needs through innovative solutions. The intended audience includes product developers, regulatory agencies, and public health researchers.