Edith Wharton was an American novelist born in 1862 into a wealthy New York family and raised with a traditional European education. She is best known for her incisive portrayals of upper-class hypocrisy and constraints, as seen in works like The Age of Innocence and Ethan Frome. Her writing explores the conflict between women's desires, independence, and societal expectations. In 1921, she became the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for The Age of Innocence. Her works continue to be celebrated for their deep insights into class, morality, and gender roles.