Andrew Carnegie (1835–1919) was a Scottish-American industrialist, philanthropist, and author, best known for leading the expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century. After retiring from business, Carnegie dedicated his life to philanthropy, funding libraries, universities, and cultural institutions. His notable works include _The Gospel of Wealth_ and _James Watt_. Carnegie’s writings reflect his belief in the transformative power of industry, knowledge, and self-improvement.